October 11, 1890, marks the founding of the Daughters of the American Revolution.
On the same date in 1976, President Gerald R. Ford approved a congressional joint resolution, Public Law 94 – 479, to appoint, posthumously, George Washington to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States, as part of the bicentennial celebrations.
John J. Pershing (1860 – 1948) is the only other American to attain this high title, and the only one to achieve it while alive.
On October 10, 1957, Ayn Rand’s dystopian/utopian (quasi-science fiction) novel of ideas, Atlas Shrugged, was published. Written to advance an individualist, freedom/free-market point of view and to show the consequences of statist ideology, it became one of the most influential and literarily successful didactic novels ever written.
Atlas Shrugged appeared on The New York Times Bestseller List for 21 weeks, and continued to sell thereafter, averaging 74,000 copies per year in the 1980s, over 95,000 copies per year in the ’90s, and in 2011 sold 415,000 copies. Atlas Shrugged has also appeared on numerous “best of” lists. In 1991 the Book of the Month Club and Library of Congress asked readers to name the most influential book in their lives: Atlas Shrugged came in second only to the Bible. Numbered among the book’s fans have been many artists, politicians, and thinkers, not least of whom was Ludwig von Mises.
On October 9, 1635 — and after many religious and policy disagreements — Roger Williams was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
On October 8, 1970, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn won the Nobel Prize in literature. In his acceptance speech, given after his deportation from the USSR, he said that “during all the years until 1961, not only was I convinced I should never see a single line of mine in print in my lifetime, but, also, I scarcely dared allow any of my close acquaintances to read anything I had written because I feared this would become known.” In 1962, Nikita Khrushchev had allowed Solzhenitsyn’s short novel One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovitch to be published, and defended the novel at the presidium of the Politburo, claiming that there is “a Stalinist in each of you; there’s even a Stalinist in me. We must root out this evil.” Nevertheless, Solzhenitsyn’s works were not published in the Soviet Union from 1964 through 1989. Stalinists won, for a time, with Solzhenitsyn being deported to West Germany in February 1974.
In 1913, Ford Motor Company launched a new manner of production for the Model T: a continuously moving assembly line.
Earlier in the year, Ford employees had assembled magnetos using this technique, improving efficiency to a marked degree: “Instead of each worker assembling his own magneto, the assembly was divided into 29 operations performed by 29 men spaced along a moving belt,” explains History.com. “Average assembly time dropped from 20 minutes to 13 minutes and soon was down to five minutes.”
The chassis was added on such a line on October 7, so that “all the major components of the Model T were being assembled using this technique,” which, when combined with high wages, came to be known as “Fordism.”
The consequence? A complete commercial success for Henry Ford, so much so that “by 1916 the price of the Model T had fallen to $360 and sales were more than triple their 1912 level. Eventually, the company produced one Model T every 24 seconds, and the price fell below $300.”
On October 6, 1950, science fiction author David Brin was born.
Brin is the author of many novels, including Startide Rising and the very popular The Postman, a fix-up set in a post-apocalyptic America. He has also written a thought-provoking book on privacy.