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Second National Bank, July 10, 1832

On July 10, 1832, U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoed a bill to re-​charter the Second Bank of the United States, in effect ending formal central banking in the United States until the establishment of the Federal Reserve in 1913. There were many, many regulations placed upon banking, however, and rumors of free banking in America have been severely exaggerated.

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July 6 Today in Tyranny

July 6 serves better as a “Today in Tyranny” marker than anything positive, at least when you consider these events:

1415 – Jan Hus was burned at the stake.

1535 – Sir Thomas More was executed for treason against King Henry VIII of England.

1887 – David Kalakaua, monarch of the Kingdom of Hawaii, was forced at gunpoint by Americans to sign the Bayonet Constitution giving Americans more power in Hawaii while stripping Hawaiian citizens of their rights.

1939 – The last remaining Jewish enterprises in Germany were closed.

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July 4 events, many, including the Declaration of Independence

July Fourth — American “Independence Day” — events include:

1054 – A supernova was spotted by Chinese, Arab, and possibly Amerindian observers near the star Zeta Tauri, remaining, for several months, bright enough to be seen during the day. Its remnants form the Crab Nebula.

1776 — The Second Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence, thus formalizing its policy of secession from the rule of the Kingdom of Great Britain.

1803 — The Louisiana Purchase was announced to the American people.

1804 – Nathaniel Hawthorne, American author of “The Scarlet Letter,” “House of Seven Gables,” “The Blithesdale Romance,” and other classics, was born.

1826 – Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, died a few hours earlier on the same day as John Adams, second president of the United States, on the fiftieth anniversary of the adoption of the United States Declaration of Independence.

1826 – Stephen Foster, composer of “Old Black Joe,” “Beautiful Dreamer, and many other classic American songs, was born.

1827 – Slavery was abolished in New York State.

1831 – Samuel Francis Smith wrote “My Country, ‘Tis of Thee” for Boston’s July 4th festivities, set to the tune of Great Britain’s national anthem, “God Save the King/​Queen.”

2009 – The Statue of Liberty’s crown re-​opened to the public after eight years of closure that resulted from security concerns following the September 11, 2001, attacks.

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July 3, Puerto Rico constitution

July 3 marks the 1947 birthday of Dave Barry, American columnist and author.

Five years later on the same date, Puerto Rico’s Constitution was approved by the Congress of the United States.

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June 19

In 1910 on this date, the first Father’s Day was celebrated in Spokane, Washington. On the same day, in Tennessee, future Supreme Court Justice Abe Fortas was born.

In 1941, Václav Klaus was born; other June 19 births include Salman Rushdie in 1947, Kathleen Turner in 1954, and Laura Ingraham in 1964.

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June 18

On June 18, 1778, British troops abandoned Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

On June 18, 1838, Auberon Edward William Molyneux Herbert was born. Auberon Herbert (pictured) was a liberal politician in Great Britain who, after reading the writings of Herbert Spencer, became a radical individualist, promoting a doctrine he called “voluntaryism.”